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NZ Plants
Avicennia marina subsp. australasica - manawa, mangrove
Family Acanthaceae
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Plants
Larry Jensen
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High tide. Very high tides can partially submerge the plant and its pneumatophores.
M Bradstock
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Low tide. Aerial roots (pneumatophores) are exposed.
L Jensen
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Pneumatophore tip, transverse lenticels
L Jensen
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Transverse lenticel detail
L Jensen
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Pneumatophore below tip
L Jensen
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Circular lenticel, side view
L Jensen
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Circular lenticel, internal view
L Jensen
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Pneumatophore, cross section
L Jensen
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Pneumatophore detail
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Pneumatophore, air spaces
L Jensen
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Branch
L Jensen
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Older stem with buds in the axils of a pair of leaves
L Jensen
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Stem hairs
L Jensen
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Stem hairs thinning
L Jensen
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Leaf, upper surface
L Jensen
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Leaf, upper surface with recessed glands and no hairs
L Jensen
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Leaf, lower surface covered with club-shaped hairs
L Jensen
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Detail of lower leaf surface with club-shaped hairs from above
L Jensen
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Detail of club-shaped hairs in side view
L Jensen
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Flower arrangement
L Jensen
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Unopened flower, sepals and petals
L Jensen
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Sepal hairs
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Opening flower with erect petals
L Jensen
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Mature flower showing stamens and ovary with two styles.
L Jensen
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Pulling petal tube off
L Jensen
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Petal tube and some sepals removed to expose the ovary
L Jensen
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Young expanding fruit emerging from the surrounding sepals
L Jensen
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Avicennia marina subsp. australasica is a many-branched woody shrub or small tree favouring tidal flats of harbours and estuaries. It is easily recognized by its bushy growth with opposite fleshy leaves and aerial roots (pneumatophores) which rise vertically from the mud. Named after the Persian philosopher, scientist and poet, Ibn Sina (Latinized name Avicenna).
Found from near North Cape south to latitude 38o.
| Vegetative characteristics | Reproductive characteristics |
|---|---|
| Plant form: woody shrub to small tree 12 m | Arrangement of parts: symmetric |
| Leaf form: elliptic, oblong to ovate | Flower size: 6-7 mm diam. |
| Leaf size: 50-100 mm | Sepals: 5 |
| Leaf arrangement: in opposite pairs | Petals: 4, yellow, orange |
| Leaf attachment: | Sexuality: bisexual |
| Leaf margin: smooth | Stamens: 4 |
| Leaf surface: hairs, glands | Ovary: above petals |
| Fruit: capsule |
